One Fault In Nine Thousand

A service's working set has grown past physical memory. A page comes back from NVMe swap in 90 microseconds; an access that hits memory costs 100 nanoseconds. Model the average access time as

AAT=TM+p⋅TD\text{AAT} = T_M + p \cdot T_D

where pp is the page fault rate, TM=100 nsT_M = 100\ \text{ns} and TD=90,000 nsT_D = 90{,}000\ \text{ns}.

What is the largest fault rate that keeps average access time within 10 percent of the no-fault case?

A

about 1 fault per 900,000 accesses

B

about 1 fault per 9,000 accesses

C

about 1 fault per 900 accesses

D

about 1 fault per 90 accesses