9 / 12 Address Spaces & Layout

Kernel vs User Address Space

In a 32-bit Linux system with a 3GB/1GB split, what does the 1GB kernel portion of every process's address space contain?

A

A read-only copy of the process's own code for security verification

B

A separate copy of the kernel for each process

C

The same kernel memory mapped into every process's address space

D

Unused reserved space that only the kernel process can access