What is the main idea behind Shor's algorithm?

Question: What is Shor's algorithm famous for? A) Factoring large integers efficiently on a fault-tolerant quantum computer B) Creating random classical passwords C) Training neural networks directly D) Measuring qubits without changing them Correct: A Explanation: Shor's algorithm is famous because it can factor large integers efficiently on a sufficiently powerful fault-tolerant quantum computer. This is important because widely used public-key cryptographic systems rely on the difficulty of factoring. Topic: quantum computing / Shor's algorithm / cryptography