What is a counterfactual explanation?

Question: In explainable AI, what is a counterfactual explanation? A) A plot of all model weights B) A minimal change to an input that would change the model's prediction C) A random permutation of labels D) A method for increasing batch size Correct: B Explanation: A counterfactual explanation answers a question like: “What small change would have changed the decision?” For example, it may show what feature values would need to change for a loan rejection to become an approval. Topic: advanced ML / explainable AI / counterfactuals